ARTICLES - HOT OFF THE FAGGOT

Pope Benedict Laments Pedophile `Cloud of Filth,' Mulls Condoms

Mulls Condoms? I would like to see that!

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Pope Benedict Laments Pedophile `Cloud of Filth,' Mulls Condoms

Catherine Hickley
Pope Benedict XVI

Policing arrangements for Pope Benedict XVI’s U.K. visit were reviewed after the arrests and police are satisfied that the current plan “remains appropriate,” London’s Metropolitan Police said. Photographer: Peter Macdiarmid - WPA Pool/Getty Images

The cover jacket of "Light of the World: The Pope, the Church, and the Signs of the Times," by German journalist Peter Seewald. Source: Ignatius Press via Bloomberg

Peter Seewald

Peter Seewald, the German journalist who interviewed Pope Benedict XVI for the book "Light of the World, The Pope, the Church, and the Signs of the Times," published by Ignatius Press on Nov. 24 in the U.S. Source: Ignatius Press via Bloomberg

Let’s leave the condoms on the
bedside table for now. Pope Benedict XVI has much more to say in
his book-length interview with German journalist Peter Seewald.


In “Light of the World,” Seewald, an earnest Catholic,
guides the pope through topics ranging from pedophile priests
and drugs to the ordination of women and the Second Coming.
Benedict’s responses, some humorous, are worth reading even
after you’ve flipped to the bit where he says condoms may be
justified in some cases, as “perhaps” for a male prostitute.


Even as a lapsed Protestant, I was engrossed by the book’s
rare insights into a leader who usually appears impossibly aloof
-- an elderly, white-robed patriarch viewed from afar, waving to
crowds and speaking Latin. (He wears the cassock even at home,
he says. No sweaters for him.)


Often seen as a dry academic steeped in dogma, Benedict is
better known for the things he did before, rather than after,
his election as supreme pontiff in 2005. In his 24 years as John Paul II’s doctrinal enforcer, he helped oust priests who
diverged from orthodoxy and asserted the superiority of the
Roman Catholic Church over other Christian religions. His hard-
line stances on homosexuality, women priests and birth control
won him enemies, both within the church and without.


PR Disasters


Though there’s plenty here to make non-believers balk, his
clarity on complex issues is compelling. If nothing else, the
book succeeds as a public-relations vehicle for a pope who has
had his share of PR disasters.


Seewald, who has written for Der Spiegel, Stern and the
Sueddeutsche Zeitung, rediscovered his Catholic faith 14 years
ago, after an interview with Benedict when he was still Cardinal
Joseph Ratzinger
. For this book, he spent one hour a day over
six days with the 83-year-old pope in July -- the most
extensive, one-on-one papal interview ever.


Benedict doesn’t play down the damage done by pedophile
priests. The scandal was like “the crater of a volcano, out of
which suddenly a tremendous cloud of filth came, darkening and
soiling everything,” he says. He understands that Catholics who
were sexually abused as children may find it hard “to keep
believing that the church is a source of good,” he says.


“Insofar as it is the truth, we must be grateful for every
disclosure,” he says, though he voices concern that some news
coverage was motivated by pleasure in discrediting the church.
He never considered resigning or, as he puts it, “running
away.”


Secular Threat


His longer-term challenge is to hold onto his flock. The
threat, in his view, doesn’t arise from other religions.
Unsurprisingly, it comes from the spread of secularism.


Attempts to force the Vatican to change its opposition to
homosexuality and the ordination of women would rob the church
of the right “to live out her own identity,” he says. So
that’s a “no” to female, married or gay priests anytime soon.


Still, his willingness to address all these subjects and to
acknowledge that gay prostitutes even exist is surprising. Which
brings us back to condoms.


The pope has hardly become an enthusiastic supporter
overnight. The church “does not regard it as a real or moral
solution” yet accepts that, to prevent the spread of AIDS, it
could be “a first step in a movement toward a different way, a
more human way of living sexuality.” What seems a small
concession could save thousands of lives in Africa.


Nor is the pope averse to a touch of populist outreach in
his fight to save souls. Of late, he has taken to putting the
sacrament directly on the tongues of communicants at St. Peter’s
Basilica
in the Vatican.


“I have heard,” he confides, “of people who, after
receiving communion, stick the Host in their wallet to take home
as a kind of souvenir.”


“Light of the World: The Pope, the Church and the Signs of
the Times” is published by Ignatius Press in the U.S. (239
pages, $21.95) and by Herder Verlag in Germany under the title
“Licht der Welt” (256 pages, 19.95 euros). To buy this book in
North America, click here.


(Catherine Hickley writes for Muse, the arts and leisure
section of Bloomberg News. The opinions expressed are her own.)


To contact the writer on the story:
Catherine Hickley in Berlin at
chickley@bloomberg.net.


To contact the editor responsible for this story:
Mark Beech at mbeech@bloomberg.net

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Munich Church hid abuse allegations for decades

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Munich Church hid abuse allegations for decades

Photo: DPA

A report on abuse by clergy in Pope Benedict’s former Archbishopric of Munich shows that at least 159 priests were suspected of sexual or physical abuse while the actual number is thought to be considerably higher.


Marion Westphal, the former judge who compiled the report for the Catholic Church from files and interviews of people who worked there, said files had been systematically destroyed over decades in order to hide the abuse.



The role of Pope Benedict XVI while archbishop of Munich between 1977 and 1982, could not be clearly defined, said Westphal, but she described the record keeping during that time as catastrophic.



After working through more than 13,200 files dating back to 1945, Westphal said church staff had focussed on preventing a scandal rather than on the problem of abuse itself.



There was indications of abuse in 365 files, despite what she said was a systematic attempt to cover up the problem, according to Der Spiegel on Saturday.



Only 26 cases of sexual abuse resulted in convictions of priests, she noted, but said that there was sufficient proof of such allegations against at least 17 more priests.



Two priests were convicted of other physical abuse charges, although Westphal said 36 other cases could have been proven.



Westphal said there were enormous holes in the record keeping of the bishopric, with some files such as convictions and reasons for transfers from the bishopric not even retained.



“We are dealing with extensive destruction of paperwork,” she said.



In one case this included much information about the involvement of the Pope – then Archbishop Joseph Ratzinger.



She said there was evidence in the files that he dealt with one case where a priest accused of sexual abuse was prevented from continuing to work as a priest.



Ratzinger wrote him a long letter explaining the reasons for this decision. But the poor state of the files means it cannot be determined whether any charges were pressed against him.



Westphal said she did not think this was likely to have been the case, but said that Ratzinger would probably not have dealt with that decision personally as such things were left to the vicar General.



The German parliamentary leadership has been debating whether to invite Pope Benedict to address the Bundestag during his visit next year, according to Bild newspaper.



Nobert Lammert, parliamentary president, from the Christian Democratic Union, referred to an invitation from 2006, to which the Vatican did not reply, as reason to invite Benedict to address parliament.



The first supporters of the idea have already started to speak out, according to the report, with Christian Social Union interior affairs expert Norbert Geis saying it would be a ‘huge honour’ for the parliament.
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Kennedys respond to Palin barbs

The speech is credited with helping Kennedy overcome doubts about whether he would be beholden to the Vatican as America's first Catholic president.

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Posted by Elizabeth Comeau

By Michael J. Bailey, Globe Staff

There are perils in picking a fight with a dead man. Just ask Sarah Palin.



One of her targets in her new book, former president John F. Kennedy, may not be able to defend himself, but his famous family is willing to pick up the gauntlet.



In an opinion article yesterday for the Washington Post, Kathleen Kennedy Townsend excoriates Palin, the former Alaska governor and current omnipresent political force, for criticizing her uncle and the seminal speech he made on religion and politics a half century ago. In the speech before a gathering of ministers in Houston, the candidate Kennedy implored Americans to judge him not on his faith, but on his views. The speech is credited with helping Kennedy overcome doubts about whether he would be beholden to the Vatican as America's first Catholic president.



In her book, "America by Heart, Reflections on Family, Faith, and Flag,'' Palin laments that the speech appears to detach a leader's personal faith from his public role, creating an "unequivocal divorce of the two," Palin writes.



Instead of seeking to "run away from religion,'' Palin asserts, Kennedy should have embraced his Catholicism. And the electorate, she extrapolates, should embrace leaders who interweave their faith into their decision-making.



For Kennedy Townsend, such an interpretation not only mischaracterizes her uncle, it profoundly misunderstands the fundamental fabric of an American ideal.



"The truth is that my uncle knew quite well that what made America so special was its revolutionary assertion of freedom of religion,'' Kennedy Townsend writes. "No nation on Earth had ever framed in law that faith should be of no interest to government officials."



Kennedy Townsend, a daughter of Robert F. Kennedy and a former lieutenant governor of Maryland, recently helped form America Bridge, a non-profit group that seeks to raise money for Democratic candidates and causes, a counterpart to the highly successful American Crossroads and Crossroads GPS organizations. Those outside groups raised tens of millions of dollars for Republican candidates in the midterm elections.



Yet, Kennedy Townsend's piece is less a political counterpunch than a philosophical, and at times very personal, riposte.



"Faith runs as a deep current through my family,'' she writes. "Faith inspired my uncles' and my father's dedication to justice."



But no litmus test should exist for a leader's faith, she argues. "Palin's book makes clear just how dangerous her proposed path can be," Kennedy Townsend writes. "Not only does she want people to reveal their beliefs, but she wants to sit in judgment of them if their views don't match her own."



"Who anointed her our grand inquisitor?"



Kennedy Townsend also defends her uncle, Edward M. Kennedy of Massachusetts, and his work for women's rights, which sometimes put him at odds with the Catholic Church. Such actions would be in the spirit of service exemplified by the president.



"John F. Kennedy knew that tearing down the wall separating church and state would tempt us toward self-righteousness and contempt for others,'' she writes.



In contrast, she continues, "Palin fails to understand the genius of our nation. The United States is one of the most vibrant religious countries on Earth precisely because of its religious freedom. When power and faith are entwined, faith loses. Power tends to obfuscate, corrupt and focus on temporal rather than eternal purposes.



"Somehow Palin misses this."

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Archbishop stresses on efforts towards unity - The Times of India

PUNE: Only sincere dialogue between religions can save our culture, said Archbishop Salvatore Pennacchio, Vatican Ambassador to India, after inaugurating the new post-graduate block at Jnana-Deepa Vidyapeeth (JDV) in Ramwadi on Friday evening. Representing the Papal Nuncia, Pennacchio also attended an ecumenical prayer meeting organised by the Poona Diocese at Bishop Valerian Hall, behind St Patrick's Cathedral on Saturday morning, where he stressed on the progress in communion among churches and efforts towards unity.



The academic block at JDV, a pontifical institution that caters to the philosophical and religious formation of 750 Christian leaders, is dedicated to Father Joseph Neuner, a renowned theologian who has also served as a spiritual guide to Mother Teresa. December 3 marked his first death anniversary. The inaguration was also attended by Rev Thomas Dabre, the bishop of Poona Diocese and Rev Edward Mudavassery, Presidents of Jesuits in India.



Pennacchio stressed on deeper philosophical reflection which will help us appreciate other religions. He also emphasised that "religion should seriously take up the social dimension of human life."



The high point of the function was blessing a chapel, based on Indian tradition. Job Kozhamthadam, president of JDV, announced some of the new inter-disciplinary post-graduate programmes that JDV will be soon starting Yogadham, Centre for Yoga and Meditation: Centre for Applied Ethics, Centre for Social Science Management and Centre for Spirituality and Centre for Science Religion Studies.



During the prayer meeting on Saturday, Pennacchio conveyed the Apostolic blessings of Pope Beneditc XVI. "There is a felt need for unity among all churches because of the common spiritual experience. The collaboration among churches has been increasing. This has obviously led to the more fundamental areas of interaction, cooperation, collaboration and dialogue. Opening up to dialogue in theological areas with the view to resolving the divisions is a very positive and challenging initiative," said Pennacchio.



He further said, "differences in doctrines and theological perspectives have hindered the growth of unity. But the challenge of taking the path of ecumenical interaction and dialogue encourages us."



The prayer meeting was attended by Christians from various denominations, and heads from Anglican Church of Pune, Methodist Church of Pune, CNI Church of Pune, CSI Church of Pune, Union Biblical Seminary, United Theological Seminary, Hindustan Covenant Church, Nazarene Church, Salvation Army Church, Assemblies of God Church, Seventh Day Adventist Church of Pune and many other Pastors from the city of Pune.





Read more: Archbishop stresses on efforts towards unity - The Times of India http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/pune/Archbishop-stresses-on-efforts-towards-unity/articleshow/7044957.cms#ixzz17JHAFj1E


Pakistan Minister Condemns Reward for Killing Christian Woman

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Pakistan Minister Condemns Reward for Killing Christian Woman

By Ethan Cole|Christian Post Reporter

Pakistan’s Federal Minister for Minorities Affairs Shahbaz Bhatti condemned Saturday the recent announcement of a reward for killing the jailed Christian woman on death row for blasphemy.

Bhatti said the call is unjust and irresponsible and should be discouraged in the strongest possible manner because no one has the right to issue a decree to kill someone else, according to Pakistan’s Daily Times newspaper. He also added that Pakistan is a civilized country and violation of the rule of law is not allowed.

“Every legal and constitutional means will be adopted in the Asia Bibi case,” assured Bhatti, who was in charge of investigating the case and reported that Bibi was innocent to President Asif Ali Zadari.

A hard-line imam known for making similar reward-for-murder calls in the past offered about $6,000 (500,000 rupees) to anyone who kills Asia Bibi during his sermon at the largest mosque in Peshawar on Friday. Imam Maulana Yousuf Qureshi also threatened the government to not amend or repeal the blasphemy laws “which provide protection to the sanctity of Holy Prophet Muhammad,” according to Asia News.

Qureshi, who had also called for the murder of the Danish cartoonists who drew caricatures of the Muslim Prophet Muhammad, said that if the appeals court judge freed Bibi then Muslim extremists will kill her.

"There are hundreds of thousands of people including mujahedin (warriors) and Taliban who are ready to sacrifice their lives for the honor of the Prophet Muhammad. Anyone of them could finish her," Qureshi said Friday, according to All Pakistan Minorities Alliance, a human rights group with which Bhatti formerly served as chairman.

Bibi, a mother of five, has been imprisoned for one-and-a-half years and was sentenced in November to death by hanging for allegedly speaking ill of Muslim Prophet Muhammad.

She is Christian and is the first woman to receive a death sentence for blasphemy in Pakistan.

Her case has sparked international outcry against Pakistan’s blasphemy laws, which are often used against religious minorities after a small non-religious-related dispute. According to Bibi, her imprisonment and death sentence stems from a petty argument she had with fellow field workers in June 2009.

She was picking fruit in the field with fellow Muslim workers and went to get water for the group. Upon returning, the Muslim women in the field refused to drink the water because the container was touched by a Christian.

Bibi was offended and argued with the women, but then afterwards thought nothing of the incident. However, a few days later dozens of Muslims dragged her away. She was accused of blasphemy against the Muslim Prophet Muhammad, which she denies.

Bhatti has submitted a report to President Zadari stating that his findings show Bibi to be innocent. But the country’s high court this past Monday barred the Pakistani government from pardoning her. It said doing so while a case is pending is illegal.

The high court has yet to set a date for Bibi’s appeals hearing.

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World Council of Churches Head, Pope Benedict Discuss Church Unity

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WCC Head, Pope Benedict Discuss Church Unity

By Jennifer Riley|Christian Post Reporter

World Council of Churches general secretary, the Rev. Dr. Olav Fykse Tveit, met with Pope Benedict XVI at the Vatican on Saturday to discuss church unity and the situation of Christians in the Middle East.

Benedict suggested allowing the Bible to be the centerpiece in theological discussion and reflection as a way to strengthen visible Christian unity, according to Tveit. It was the first time Tveit had a meeting with the pope since he assumed the role of WCC general secretary in January. But it was the second time the ecumenical leader visited the Vatican this year.

“We had a very open and friendly conversation,” said Tveit. “He emphasized in a very kind and also a very strong way the importance of the World Council of Churches’ work and the ministry I am called to do as general secretary.”

Benedict, then theologian and Archbishop Joseph Ratzinger, had been involved in WCC’s Commission on Faith and Order in the early 1970’s. Tveit said Benedict expressed interest in WCC’s work with theological issues and how to strengthen visible unity between churches.

The Roman Catholic Church, a single church representing more than one billion people, participates in several WCC activities, including the Faith and Order Commission, the Commission on World Mission and Evangelism, and the Joint Commission of the WCC and the Roman Catholic Church. Catholic representatives also provide input in the planning of the 10th WCC Assembly in Busan, Korea in 2013.

In addition to visible church unity, Tveit and Benedict also discussed how to support Christianity in the Middle East, particularly in Iraq where the tiny population has come under increased violent attacks. They also talked about how churches can have a united witness when it comes to the conflict between Israel and Palestinians. The two agreed that there needs to be building of trust between the conflicting groups there and a commitment to continuing dialogue.

“I mentioned the great importance of the Roman Catholic Church there and how it is also contributing to the one ecumenical voice in Jerusalem,” recalled the WCC general secretary.

WCC has 349 member churches that collectively represent more than 550 million Christians worldwide. The fellowship includes the Orthodox, Anglican, Protestant and some Pentecostal and Evangelical Churches. Tveit’s trip to Rome ends Sunday.

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“The Kindness of Strangers”: The Widow of Zarephath

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“The Kindness of Strangers”: The Widow of Zarephath


Commentary on lesson 11, “The widow of Zarephath: The leap of faith”, for discussion on Sabbath, December 11, 2010

By Ruth M. Prakasam

Ruth M. Prakasam is Associate Professor of English at Atlantic Union College, in South Lancaster, Massachusetts.

Giovanni Lanfranco, “Elijah Receiving Bread from the Widow of Zarephath” (1621-24), Getty Museum.

“The other reality is that my parents don’t want to eat non-Korean food; they want to hold on to what they know. What else do they have but the taste of those familiar dishes”, writes Korean-American novelist Chang-Rae Lee in “Magical Dinners: An Immigrant Thanksgiving”, in The New Yorker (69). Lee explores in this personal essay how the deep memories associated with food informed his family’s immigrant experience. With little money for luxuries, the family could not afford to eat out often [“We dine out maybe four times a year,” recalls Lee (69)]. The custom of meals at the table with his mother, father, and sister was a constant in his home life.

The communal practice of eating is an occurrence shared by people from all cultures. The rituals of the table commemorate times of joy and sorrow. The sourcing of ingredients, preparation, cooking, and eating, encompass a larger, collective experience which lies in the strengthening of ties amongst friends and family. Hospitality is manifested at these occasions, but perhaps this principle is only genuinely observed when offered to an unfamiliar face. In 1 Kings 17, food is shared between strangers — the prophet Elijah and the Widow of Zarephath — at a crucial moment in the Widow’s life. Upon Elijah’s request for water and food, the Widow replies: “As the Lord thy God liveth, I have not a cake, but an handful of meal in a barrel, and a little oil in a cruse: and, behold, I am gathering two sticks, that I may go in and dress it for me and my son, that we may eat it, and die” (v. 12). This revelation discloses the Widow’s dire circumstances, but as the story unfolds, her actions exhibit sacrifice, generosity, and kindness (vv. 13-15).

Certainly a common reading of this encounter is that it is a story of faith on the part of the two central characters: the prophet Elijah and the Widow of Zarephath. Elijah and the Widow both must trust that God will take care of their physical needs (1 Kings 17:7-16). And later in the chapter, their faith is tested again when the Widow’s son dies (vv. 17-24). Her decision to serve Elijah food and water when she and her son are at the point of starvation is probably seen as her great act of faith. Arguably, however, it is not the Widow’s trials that are meant for our scrutiny. Rather, her experience reveals the impact of Elijah’s trust in God as evidenced in her pronouncement in the final verse of chapter 17: “Now by this, I know that thou art a man of God, and that the word of the Lord in thy mouth is truth” (v. 24).

In the larger context of Elijah’s life this account is another example of his capacity to follow God’s leading. When we read this chapter, we are more likely to concentrate on Elijah’s hardships since it is his life that is the focal point of several chapters in I Kings. By journeying to Zarephath in Sidon (or “Zidon” in the KJV), Elijah leaves his homeland and becomes a person in exile. In contrast, there are few known facts about the Widow. We know her marital status, where she physically lives, and her socio-economic position. She is poor, a widow from Zarephath, and has a son to support. Despite the fact that we do not know her name, we recognize that this Phoenician woman is a generous and kind individual; she allows a stranger to partake in the last meal she will create and share with her son. Heidi Neumark reflects on the Widow’s behavior in “The Widow’s Hand” published in The Christian Century by describing it as “risky generosity” (943). Understandably some readers may perceive her judgment to be precarious. Except we cannot ignore that it is the Widow’s giving and receptive spirit that prepares her to accept a non-Phoenician man, who possibly has the equivalent standing of a refugee, into her home. Her decision is not “risky”; it is exceptional.

Unlike the grief expressed by the Widow at the death of her son in verse 18, we can only imagine how she felt prior to Elijah’s arrival as she began to plan for what she believed to be the final meal with her son. The Widow’s emotions likely mirrored Chang-Rae Lee’s mother’s fierce attachment and love for him. Reprinted in the anthology, Contemporary Creative Nonfiction: I & Eye Lee recalls in the essay, “Coming Home Again” that when he was a young boy:

She [Chang-Rae Lee’s mother] reminded me daily that I was her sole son, her reason for living, and that if she were to lose me, in either body or spirit, she wishes that God would mercifully smite her, strike her down like a weak branch (98).

It is unlikely that any mother would want her child to die, however the reality the Widow faced was probably watching her son die of starvation. Upon the arrival of Elijah, the private time left to mother and son to reminisce about happier periods or for the son to confide in his mother about his fear of death was disrupted. Likewise the remaining meal to be eaten alone by the Widow and her son would now include a third person. The value of this meal was not to be found in its quantity, quality, or sustenance, but in repeating the traditions of the table: renewing relationships and displaying generosity.

Lee articulates a similar insight when remembering that while his mother was dying from stomach cancer [“I’ve always thought it was particularly cruel that the cancer was in her stomach, and that for a long time at the end she couldn’t eat” (97)], the family would still maintain the tradition of eating together (“Coming Home Again” 96). Lee admits, “I wasn’t cooking for my mother but for the rest of us. . . . she [Lee’s mother] was still eating, though scantily . . . The point was simply to sit together at the kitchen table and array ourselves like a family again. . . . crammed in the center was all the food I had made . . . dishes that in my youth she had prepared for us a hundred times” (“Coming Home Again” 95-96).

Towards the end of “Magical Dinners” Lee contemplates why he, his sister, and conceivably his parents, were eager to sample American dishes in spite of their distinct contrast to Korean cuisine (72). He decides that American fare represented “. . . food without association, unlinked to any past; it’s food that fixes us to this moment only, to this place we hardly know” (“Magical Dinners” 72). The truth of Elijah’s life in Zarephath resonates in Lee’s account. In his exiled state, Elijah, too, was physically detached from home and the past. Whereas in America, Lee and his family had the opportunity to evoke memories of Korea through every bite of his mother’s cooking, Elijah was not privileged with a similar situation in Zarephath. However, by feeding Elijah the Widow bestowed upon him acceptance which as someone living in exile would not have felt. The flavor of the Phoenician food & water, while alien to his tongue, granted Elijah his first intimate interaction with this foreign environment, such as Lee thoughtfully acknowledged: “. . . it’s food that fixes us . . . to this place we hardly know” (“Magical Dinners” 72).

While there are remarkable acts of faith evident in 1 Kings 17, the gift of hospitality shown by a humble woman to a stranger is conceivably why the story still continues to be meaningful for a twenty-first century audience. Even though, God instructs his prophet, Elijah to go to the pagan city of Zarephath because “behold, I have commanded a widow woman there to sustain thee”, could it be that an ordinary woman was chosen because she was already demonstrating extraordinary deeds of kindness to strangers (1 Kings 17:9)? If so, the Widow is not an unmemorable character in this narrative; she is extraordinary.



NOTE
: The title is taken from the chapter of the same name, “The Kindness of Strangers” in Rabbi Jonathan Sacks, To Heal a Fractured World: The Ethics of Responsibility (New York: Schocken Books, 2005).



Works Cited

The Bible. [King James Version]

Lee, Chang-Rae. “Coming Home Again.” Contemporary Creative Nonfiction: I & Eye. Ed. Minh Nguyen and Porter Shreve. New York: Pearson Education, 2005. 95-102.

____________. “Magical Dinners: An Immigrant Thanksgiving.” The New Yorker. 22 November 2010: 69-73.

Neumark, Heidi. "The Widow's Hand." The Christian Century. 117.26 (Sept 27, 2000): 943-44.

Sacks, Rabbi Jonathan. To Heal a Fractured World: The Ethics of Responsibility. New York: Schocken Books, 2005.

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Yes, We Cancun on Climate Change?

Yes, We Cancun on Climate Change?

After Copenhagen, the world reconvenes to try to combat climate change. David Biello reports

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Last year in Copenhagen, international negotiations to combat climate change fractured. And the rifts have not healed. Developing countries want recognition of the long history of greenhouse gas pollution by developed nations. And they remain skeptical of the Copenhagen Accord. Small island states and others on the frontlines of the consequences of climate change want hard targets and the continuation of the Kyoto Protocol. And the U.S. stands alone, not least because even the promises it has made in the past are unmatched by any domestic legislation to cut carbon dioxide.

At least the negotiations are happening in balmy Cancun, right?

Actually, progress of sorts is being made. Chinese and Indian negotiators have indicated a willingness to consider international monitoring and verification of greenhouse gas reduction efforts. Developed countries have begun to lay out a plan for funding technology transfer and adaptation efforts. There might even be an agreement to stop deforestation.

But, the landmark Kyoto Protocol expires in 2012 and even Japan—the country that gave it its name—opposes renewing it. That's probably okay given that some countries that signed it ultimately ignored their commitment. Ahem, Canada.

Whatever comes out of Cancun at the end of this coming week, as UN climate chief Christiana Figueres noted at the conference, it is no doubt "pathetically insufficient" compared to what's needed to begin to slow and reverse climate change. And the temperature keeps rising.

—David Biello

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Visual Illusions Depend On The Size Of Our Visual Cortex

Visual Illusions Depend On The Size Of Our Visual Cortex

Research released today in Nature Neuroscience finds that we are are more likely to be tricked by a visual illusion if we have a smaller amount of brain real estate devoted to visual processing. Christie Nicholson reports.

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We think when we see something, say a small red rosebud, our friend will see the same rosebud, same shape, same size.   But this isn’t exactly the case.   There’s a surprising amount of variability in how each of us perceives things.

Now some studies have shown that the differences are likely cultural: the Müller-Lyer visual illusion, which shows two lines of equal length where one is often perceived, at least by American undergrads, as longer than the other, is actually not an illusion at all for the San foragers of the Kalahari.

A recent study in Nature Neuroscience provides evidence that individual perceptual differences may not be so influenced by culture as by the size of our primary visual cortex. (This part of the brain, by the way, can differ in individual size by up to three times.)

Scientists presented various visual illusions to subjects, like one where two equal circles are often perceived as being different sizes. Individuals with a smaller primary visual cortex perceived a much more pronounced visual illusion than those individuals with a larger visual cortex.

Notes one of the authors:   “How much your brain tricks you depends on how much 'real estate' your brain has put aside for visual processing.

—Christie Nicholon

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Facebook's new facelift plays up photos, friends

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Facebook's new facelift plays up photos, friends

By BARBARA ORTUTAY AP Technology Writer
NEW YORK—Facebook is redesigning the profile pages of its 500 million-plus users to make it more of a reflection of their real lives and emphasize one of the site's most popular features, photos.

Facebook said in a blog post Sunday the changes are meant to make it easier for users to tell their story—who they are, where they work, their life philosophy and the most important people in their lives. The changes place a bigger emphasis on visuals, from photos to images of users' interests.

A new biography section includes not just who you are and where you live but a set of the most recent photos that your friends have "tagged" you in. Previously users had to click on a tab to see the latest photos on a profile. Users can also feature important friends in their profile, while previously only random selection appeared. And in addition to listing their job, users can now add the projects they worked on. It's all a move toward curating a more complete picture of a person, something that will likely appeal to Facebook's advertisers. The company did not make any changes to its privacy policy as part of the redesign.

Facebook unveiled the changes ahead of an appearance on 60 Minutes by CEO Mark Zuckerberg Sunday evening. Zuckerberg, 26, talked about the profile page redesign, Facebook's hard-working culture of all-night coding sessions, as well as his take on "The Social Network," the movie about Facebook's beginning that doesn't cast him in a very flattering light.

"I think that they got every single T-shirt that they had the Mark Zuckerberg character wearing right. I think I actually own those T-shirts," Zuckerberg told 60 Minutes' Lesley Stahl in the interview.

"But I mean, there are hugely basic things that they got wrong, too," he added. "(They) made it seem like my whole motivation for building Facebook was so I could get girls, right? And they completely left out the fact that my girlfriend, I've been dating since before I started Facebook."

Asked about a Facebook IPO, Zuckerberg said "You know, maybe."

"A lot of people who I think build start-ups or companies think that selling the company or going public is this endpoint," he said. "Right, it's like you win when you go public. And that's just not how I see it."

On Facebook, even small changes to users' home pages tend to meet with protests from a small but vocal fraction of users who want things to stay the way they are. In an attempt to pre-empt this, Facebook is rolling out the changes slowly, letting users—for the time being—decide whether they want to display the new profile layout or the old one. The new layout will be available to all users by early next year, the company said.

The latest changes come as Facebook intensifies its competition with online search leader Google Inc. as the primary destination for anyone using the Internet. The changes streamline users profile pages so it's easier to see the things that matter the most, rather than a chronological stream of the latest wall posts, links and photos they posted. Users can also see how their Facebook lives intertwine with their friends by clicking on a "See Friendship" link on the top right hand page of their friends' profiles.

"You can see all the things that you have in common with that person," Zuckerberg said. "And it's just like, it gives you this amazing connection with that person in a way that the current version of the profile that we have today just doesn't do."

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